float fastsqrt(float val)  {
        union
        {
                int tmp;
                float val;
        } u;
        u.val = val;
        u.tmp -= 1<<23; /* Remove last bit so 1.0 gives 1.0 */
        /* tmp is now an approximation to logbase2(val) */
        u.tmp >>= 1; /* divide by 2 */
        u.tmp += 1<<29; /* add 64 to exponent: (e+127)/2 =(e/2)+63, */
        /* that represents (e/2)-64 but we want e/2 */
        return u.val;
}